Barrett’s Esophagus

Barrett’s Esophagus is a condition in which the normal tissue lining the esophagus is replaced by tissue similar to the lining of the intestine, typically as a result of long-term gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Over time, repeated exposure to stomach acid can cause these changes in the esophageal lining, which may increase the risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma, a rare but serious form of cancer. 

Most people with Barrett’s Esophagus do not develop cancer, but it is considered a precancerous condition that requires ongoing monitoring. Patients often experience symptoms associated with chronic acid reflux, such as heartburn, regurgitation, or difficulty swallowing, although some may be asymptomatic. Diagnosis is usually made through upper endoscopy with biopsy, which allows for tissue evaluation and confirmation of cellular changes. 

Management strategies include controlling acid reflux with medications like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes and weight management, and in some cases, endoscopic treatments to remove or ablate the abnormal tissue. With regular surveillance and appropriate care, the progression of Barrett’s Esophagus can often be slowed or prevented, reducing the risk of complications.