Constipation

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal condition characterized by infrequent, difficult, or incomplete bowel movements. It occurs when stool moves too slowly through the digestive tract, allowing excessive water absorption in the colon and resulting in dry, hard stools that are difficult to pass. 

While everyone experiences occasional constipation, chronic cases can significantly affect quality of life and may be a sign of an underlying issue. Symptoms may include fewer than three bowel movements per week, straining during bowel movements, a feeling of blockage or incomplete evacuation, and abdominal discomfort or bloating. Constipation can be caused by a variety of factors, including low dietary fiber intake, inadequate hydration, sedentary lifestyle, certain medications, hormonal changes, or medical conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or hypothyroidism. Treatment typically involves dietary and lifestyle modifications, such as increasing fiber and fluid intake, regular exercise, and in some cases, the use of over-the-counter or prescription laxatives. 

In more persistent or severe cases, further evaluation may be necessary to rule out structural or neurological causes. Addressing constipation early can help restore regular bowel function and prevent complications like hemorrhoids, anal fissures, or fecal impaction.