Gastric (Stomach) Cancer

Gastric (stomach) cancer is a malignant tumor that develops in the lining of the stomach, most commonly originating in the glandular cells that produce stomach acid and digestive enzymes. It often progresses slowly and may not cause symptoms in its early stages, making early detection challenging. As the cancer advances, symptoms may include persistent abdominal discomfort, indigestion, bloating after meals, unintentional weight loss, nausea, vomiting, difficulty swallowing, fatigue, or the presence of blood in the stool. 

Several factors can increase the risk of gastric cancer, including infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), smoking, a diet high in smoked or salted foods, chronic gastritis, family history, and certain genetic conditions. Diagnosis typically involves an upper endoscopy with biopsy, along with imaging studies to assess the spread and stage of the disease. 

Treatment options depend on the cancer’s location and stage and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted drugs, or immunotherapy. Prognosis improves significantly when the cancer is caught early, so awareness of risk factors and symptoms is crucial. With comprehensive care and a multidisciplinary approach, many patients can achieve meaningful outcomes and improved quality of life.