IBD

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic condition characterized by persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, primarily encompassing two main disorders: Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. While both conditions cause inflammation, they differ in location and depth—Crohn’s can affect any part of the GI tract and penetrate deep into the bowel wall, whereas ulcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and typically involves only the inner lining. 

Common symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and rectal bleeding. The exact cause of IBD is not fully understood but is believed to involve a combination of genetic predisposition, immune system dysfunction, and environmental triggers. Although IBD is not curable, many patients manage symptoms effectively with medication, dietary modifications, and lifestyle changes. 

Treatment options include anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, biologics, and, in some cases, surgery to remove damaged sections of the intestine. Left untreated, IBD can lead to serious complications such as strictures, fistulas, or malnutrition. With appropriate care and regular monitoring, individuals with IBD can lead full, active lives and minimize flare-ups while preserving digestive health.